James HurwoodWritten by James Hurwood
Reviewed by Stephen Zeller
Last updated 04/12/2023

Key takeaways

  • Stamp duty is a government fee charged on the transfer of a property’s legal ownership
  • It typically costs homebuyers thousands of dollars and can be one of your largest homebuying costs
  • The amount of stamp duty you pay will depend on several factors but it’s largely tied to the value of the property
  • Stamp duty is typically an upfront cost, meaning you’ll need to budget for it

Stamp duty and how it works

Don't quite understand stamp duty? You might want to watch this explainer from Selling Houses Australia host, Andrew Winter.

Stephen Zeller, General Manager

Expert stamp duty tips

As General Manager of Money at Compare the Market, Stephen Zeller wants to help make sure home buyers aren’t taken unawares by their stamp duty and can get a firm idea of what their stamp duty costs will look like ahead of time. With that in mind, he has some top stamp duty tips for homebuyers:

Factor in your stamp duty

Stamp duty is a cost that’s often overlooked when people are thinking about purchasing a home. If you’re not eligible for any stamp duty concessions exemptions, be sure to factor in the additional savings needed to cover your stamp duty. Alternatively, you can speak to one of our Home Loan Specialists to see if you have enough equity to add it on to your home loan.

Know how much you’ll pay

Feel free to check with one of our Home Loan Specialists regarding your potential eligibility for any stamp duty exemptions or concessions, but also check with your conveyancer or solicitor, as they’ll be responsible for confirming the exact amount to be charged at settlement.

We’re here to help you save!

If you’re eligible for a stamp duty exemption, check with one of our Home Loan Specialists to see if you’re eligible for any other government grants or schemes. They can potentially help you work out a buying scenario that utilises multiple grants/schemes, which could save you thousands of dollars if you’re eligible.

How does stamp duty work?

stamp duty wooden house visualisation

What is stamp duty?

Stamp duty is a type of tax imposed on house, vacant land and new build purchases by state and territory governments. Each state and territory has its own set of stamp duty rates and thresholds, as well as different grants, concessions and exemptions for eligible buyers.

Stamp duty typically applies whether you’re buying a place of residence or investment property, and regardless of the property type being purchased.

How is stamp duty calculated?

Stamp duty is generally calculated using a set of purchase price thresholds, with each one charging a set base amount of stamp duty plus an additional rate for any amount that exceeds the threshold. Stamp duty can also be offset by certain state-based concessions if you’re a first home buyer.

To calculate stamp duty, you’ll need to find your state’s stamp duty rates and the purchase price of the property you’re eyeing off – also known as the ‘dutiable value’. For the example below, we’ve used Queensland’s stamp duty rates for a house selling for $550,000, and assumed the buyer isn’t eligible for any stamp duty concessions or exemptions.

The calculations begin with Queensland’s stamp duty rate for properties sold for between $540,000 and $1,000,000, which is $17,325 plus $4.50 for every $100 (or part of $100) over $540,000.¹

  1. A stamp duty calculator will start with the difference between $550,000 and $540,000 ($10,000) and then divide that by $100. In our example, this equals 100.
  2. The next step is to multiply 100 by $4.50, giving us $450.
  3. The final step in calculating the stamp duty payable is to add $450 to the base rate ($17,325), giving us a final stamp duty amount of $17,775.

Is stamp duty payable on GST?

Yes, stamp duty is payable on GST. This is because stamp duty is paid on a property transfer’s gross value (i.e. the total cost), so if your property purchase attracts GST, it will be added to the purchase value and included for the purposes of stamp duty calculations.

Stamp duty costs in the states and territories

Want more specific information on how much stamp duty costs in a certain state or territory? We’ve got you covered, with our stamp duty guides for:

Keep in mind that not only will stamp duty thresholds and rates vary by state and territory, but so will concessions on offer for first home buyers. Some states and territories may offer generous stamp duty concessions to first home buyers, while some may not offer any incentives at all.

 

Who has to pay stamp duty?

Do you need to pay stamp duty on a new home?

Stamp duty will typically apply to the sale of newly built homes, established homes and vacant land. However, if you’re buying vacant land with the intention of building a residential property on it, you’ll only pay stamp duty on the transfer of the existing property title.

Exactly how much stamp duty you’ll have to pay on your property purchase will typically depend on several factors, including:

  • The dutiable value of the property
  • The state or territory you live in
  • Whether it will be your primary residence or an investment property
  • If you’re a foreign purchaser
  • Whether you’re eligible for any stamp duty concessions.

It’s typically not affected by property type, meaning you’ll generally pay the same amount whether you’re buying a standalone house or an apartment.

Do first home buyers pay stamp duty?

Parts of Australia have stamp duty exemptions and concessions for first home buyers on top of the First Home Owners Grant (FHOG). For example, Victorian first home buyers don’t pay stamp duty if the home’s purchase price is below $600,000, and receive a stamp duty concession on properties worth $600,001-$750,000.²

You can learn more about the different state-based concessions for first home buyers and stamp duty by reading the stamp duty guide for your state or territory above.

 

Paying your stamp duty

stamp duty rates written note

Who is stamp duty paid to?

Stamp duty is paid to the revenue office of your respective state or territory government. However, your lawyer or conveyancer will generally handle the actual payment on your behalf. Be sure to check this, however, as you may incur financial penalties if your stamp duty goes unpaid.

When do you have to pay stamp duty?

Stamp duty is typically paid either after the contract of sale is entered into or the purchase is approved and settled. You’ll generally have a time limit of 30 days to pay any applicable stamp duty; however, this varies depending on your state or territory.

For the vast majority of property transactions, stamp duty will typically be paid at settlement as part of the home loan settlement process. The notable exception is property transactions in which the buyer is making a cash purchase and does not require finance.

Can my stamp duty be added to my mortgage?

You’ll typically have to pay your stamp duty upfront at settlement date. Depending on your financial situation, some lenders may let you increase the size of your home loan in line with your stamp duty costs, depending on your borrowing power, loan-to-value ratio (LVR) and the current size of your home loan.

However, if you do so, keep in mind that adding the value of your payable stamp duty to your mortgage will increase the overall size and cost of your home loan, and affect your LVR. It also means you may have larger home loan repayments. Depending on your LVR, you may end up having to pay Lenders Mortgage Insurance (LMI) as well.


Stephen Zeller, General Manager

Meet our home loans expert, Stephen Zeller

Stephen has more than 30 years of experience in the financial services industry and holds a Certificate IV in Finance and Mortgage Broking. He’s also a member of both the Australian and New Zealand Institute of Insurance and Finance (ANZIIF) and the Mortgage and Finance Association of Australia (MFAA).

Stephen leads our team of Home Loan Specialists, and reviews and contributes to Compare the Market’s banking-relating content to ensure it’s as helpful and empowering as possible for our readers.


Sources

Queensland Government, Transfer duty rates. 2023.

State Revenue Office Victoria, First home buyer duty exemption, concession or reduction. 2023.

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